Cobalamin Deficiency Criteria List & Risk Score
Use the tables below to add up your score and determine your risk of B12 deficiency.
Cobalamin Deficiency Risk (CDR) Score
- Low Risk: 0 to 1
- Moderate Risk: 2 to 5
- High Risk: 6 or greater
Cobalamin Deficiency Criteria List (CDCL)
I. Neurologic Manifestations (+2)
- Numbness/tingling (including diagnosis of neuropathy)
- Weakness of arms, legs, or trunk
- Impaired vibration/position sense
- Abnormal reflexes
- Unsteady or abnormal gait
- Balance problems
- Difficulty ambulating
- Dizziness
- Tremor (including diagnosis of Parkinson’s)
- Restless legs or diagnosis of restless leg syndrome
- Visual disturbances
- Forgetfulness/memory loss (including diagnosis of dementia or Alzheimer’s)
- Mental status changes
- Impotence/erectile dysfunction
- Urinary/fecal incontinence
- Developmental delay in infants & children (including diagnosis on the autism spectrum)
II. Psychiatric Manifestations (+2)
- Depression/suicidal ideations, post-partum depression or perscribed antidepressant/psychiatric medications
- Irritability/anxiety
- Paranoia
- Mania
- Hallucinations
- Psychosis
- Violent behavior
- Personality changes
III. Gastrointestinal Risks (+2)
- Decreased stomach acid or atrophic gastritis
- Autoimmune pernicious anemia
- Helicobacter pylori
- GERD or ulcer disease
- Gastrectomy or intestinal resection
- Gastric bypass surgery
- Malabsorption syndromes
- Crohn’s disease
- Celiac disease (gluten enteropathy)
- Chronic pancreatitis
- Bacterial overgrowth (small bowel)
- Fish tapeworm
- Alcoholism
- Malnutrition/eating disorders
- Advanced liver disease
- Transcobalamin II deficiency
IV.Hematologic Manifestations (+2)
- Anemia
- Macrocytosis
- Microcytosis
- Hypersegmented neutrophils
- Anisocytosis
- Leukopenia
- Thrombocytopenia
V. Other Signs and Symptoms (+1)
- Generalized weakness or fatigue
- Shortness of breath, exertional dyspnea, or chest pain
- Pallor
- Hepatomegaly or splenomegaly
- Loss of appetite/weight loss
- Poor wound healing/decubitus ulcer
- Cervical dysplasia
- Tinnitus
- Vitiligo
- Glossitis
VI. Population at Risk (+1)
- Age 60 and over
- Fall or fall-related injury in the past year
- Vegan/vegetarian/macrobiotic diet
- Autoimmune and/or thyroid disorders
- Family history of pernicious anemia
- Proton pump inhibitor use
- Metformin use
- Nitrous oxide administration or abuse
- Cancer patients
- Chemotherapy
- Radiation therapy
- Occlusive vascular disorders (MI, CVA, DVT, PE)
- Pregnancy
- Breast-feeding
- Iron deficiency
- Infertility
- Seizures
- AIDS patients
- Fibromyalgia
- Chronic fatigue syndrome
- Chronic renal failure (hemodialysis patients)
- Neck or back surgery
















